The Death Penalty Is Not Legal Essay - 1157 Words

The death penalty was a feature of English law that the early colonists brought with them (Supreme Court Debates). The death penalty was first established in the United States back in the Eighteenth Century B.C. In the U.S 1,436 people were executed from 1977 through May of 2016. Most death penalty cases involve the execution of murderers although capital punishment can also be applied for treason, espionage, and other crimes (ProConorg). There are cons and pros to putting criminals on death row. Also, only certain crimes get the death penalty, and it’s not in every state. The death penalty is the punishment of execution, administered to someone legally convicted of a capital crime. The death penalty it not legal in all 50 states. 31 states have it, and 19 do not. The states that do have it are Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, and Wyoming. The states that do not have it are Alaska, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wisconsin (States With and Without). All states have their reasons why they have or do not have the death penalty. The reasons why only aShow MoreRelatedThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal1004 Words   |  5 Pagesa bolish death penalty† (Bosman). In thirty-one states, federal government and military legal system, the death penalty is lawful. Even the Supreme Court has been changed direction of capital punishment. One day, it could be a legal and illegal by the Supreme Court. Most of European countries ban the death penalty except Belarus that if a criminal involve international terrorism, murdered, inhumane crime and the criminal receives death penalty. Nowadays, banned the death penalty becomeRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Legal1457 Words   |  6 PagesThe death penalty can be traced all the way to biblical times when people were executed for many reasons such as: for not believing in their god(s), choosing to interact in sexual conduct while unmarried, stealing, murder, etc. The methods of execution back in those times were to either: stone, hang, slay, crucify, and burn not only the offender who committed the crime, but if he or she had a family, the entire family was executed with them as a warning to the people of their tribe or city to notRead MoreDeath Penalty Should Be Legal943 Words   |  4 PagesDo you think that death penalty will give justice for the innocent lives? The death penalty continues to be an issue of controversy in the whole world because people have different beliefs for giving justice to the innocents. For some people, they want it legal because death penalty will give justice for the innocent victims and a form of vengeance to the criminals. On the flipside, other people don’t agree with it because a lot of innocents are putting into death. These people believe that it isRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal1261 Words   |  6 PagesThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal The death penalty should not be legal because of two major reasonings. These reasons are, the death penalty takes the lives of many innocent people, and it also costs too much. The death penalty should not be legal because innocent people are wrongly convicted and killed. According to the Death Penalty Information Center, it puts innocent lives at risk. At least 4.1% of all defendants sentenced to death in the United States in the modern era are innocent (DeathRead MoreShould The Death Penalty Be Legal?985 Words   |  4 PagesBen Goble Mr. Newman English Comp. November 4, 2015 Should the Death Penalty be Legal? The death penalty, also called capital punishment, has been a topic of debate among the public for many years, gaining very little ground in changing the legality of it one way or the other. The topic is very controversial because many people feel that it is wrong to take the life of another person. On the other hand a very comparable number of people push for the legality of capital punishment for condemningRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Legal1555 Words   |  7 Pageshave on a person? The death penalty, or capital punishment, is one of the most debated topics in America. It has been used for centuries, but many claim it to be barbaric, and want the practice to end all together. The death penalty should only be used in cases where there is absolute evidence that the criminal is guilty, because life in prison can be an alternative, there are many flaws in the justice system, and it can be a cruel and unusual punishment. The death penalty is legal in 32 states, theRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal1573 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many legal issues that come along with the death penalty. Ratified on December 15, 1791, The United States Bill of Rights states in its eight amendment, â€Å"Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.† (8th Amendment to the Constitution). The Supreme Court stated during the 1958 case of Trop v. Dulles, that the 8th amendment must draw its meaning from the evolving standards of decency that mark the progress of a maturingRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Legal1554 Words   |  7 Pagesreceive the death penalty. Some say it is what they deserve, while others say that it is a â€Å"cruel and unusual†punishment. States, such as New Jersey, have already banned the penalty, but some states are still pending on whether to have the penalty or to follow New Jersey’s path . If you were to go and ask people why they are against the death penalty, they would say it is because it goes against morality, constitutionality, and the irrevocable mistakes of putting the wrong person to death. WhenRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal1553 Words   |  7 Pagescalled problems with our system of justice is the death penalty. Capital punishment in this country seems to have its pros and cons. There are more issues and complications with being sentenced to death, while the positives are minuscule. The death penalty should not be allowed in the United States, and there are many reasons for this argument. The death penalty has caused controversy in the country since it became popular. 31 states use the death penalty and is also used by the military. Its use isRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Legal Essay2884 Words   |  12 Pagestopic is the death penalty - should it be legalized across the 50 states or be declared unconstitutional? Some believe the death penalty is a better option for those who deserve the highest form of punishment available. However, others argue capital punishment is a waste of resources and should be brought to an end. Therefore, while many believe the death penalty should be legalized throughout the United States because it offers a higher form of punishment, others believe the death penalty should be

A Violent Society Causes Domestic Violence Essay - 1958 Words

People who are close to one another need to trust each other. We should trust our parents not to hurt us, and to give us what we need to grow. When someone is abused, the trust is broken. Domestic violence is the use of physical force within a home in any form of abuse. Abuse can be a whole range of physical behaviour, slapping, hitting, beating, or using weapons to hurt someone. It includes verbal and emotional abuse, where someone is constantly insulted and made to feel sad and worthless. It can also include rape and sexual abuse. Sexual abuse is when someone forces another to have sexual intercourse or do other sexual things against their will. Another form of abuse is total control where one adult makes all the decisions for another†¦show more content†¦Widespread belief that women were intellectually inferior to men led most societies to limit womens education to learning domestic skills. Well-educated, upper-class men controlled most positions of employment and power in society. Traditionally, female family members existed only in terms of their relationships to men. As daughters, subject to the control and whim of fathers, women represented a means of economic or political gain through marital arrangements. As wives, they became their husbands property, and symbols of power and status. Violence against women served to coerce their acquiescence in this scheme and perpetuate subservience to male relatives. Legally permitted abuse of women continued to exist in many Western cultures until the late nineteenth century. Early Roman societies deemed a wife the property of her husband and therefore subject to his control. According to early Roman law, a man could beat, divorce, or murder his wife for offenses committed by her which belittled his honour or threatened his property rights. Roman society considered enforcement of such rights of control essentially a private matter, and thus failed to subject the husband to either public scrutiny or disapp roval. Both the Old and New Testament attest to the belief in early teachings in the obedience of women. Indeed, Eves creation from the rib of Adam provided an excuse forShow MoreRelated Injury can result from violence1613 Words   |  7 Pages Injury can result form violence Injury Can Result from Violence Injury can result from many different incidents. One specifically important incident resulting in injury is domestic violence. It is approximated statistically that 1.8 million to 3-4 million domestic violence cases occur each year, unfortunately, the number of cases that occur cannot be more accurate due to domestic violence usually occurring in the relative privacy of one’s home. (Kelly, 2003) As disturbing asRead MoreDomestic Violence And Sexual Violence Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesDomestic violence, also labeled as family violence and intimate-partner violence, is psychological, physical and sexual violence that takes place within home environment. Adults and children can both be victims. Domestic violence is a major human rights issue across the world, and one of New Zealand’s most serious social issues. One in three women in Aotearoa will experience an abusive relationship, with many more coming dangerously close. Reason Domestic violences occurs when the abuser wantingRead MoreFamily Violence And Domestic Violence1405 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Family violence, also known as domestic violence is the disorderly conduct by a person to another person, a family, or a family’s property. It is violence between family members and between people in domestic or intimate relationships. Generally family violence behavior is predicted to be as physical abuse, however there are a wide range of behaviors involved. These behaviors include, sexual abuse, verbal abuse, physical abuse, economical abuse, emotional abuse, social abuse, and spiritualRead MoreEssay about Family Abuse1332 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Abuse ALTHOUGH DOMESTIC VIOLENCE INCLUDES SIBLING ABUSE AND ELDER ABUSE, AND CHILD ABUSE THE FOCUS OF MY ESSAY IS ON SPOUSE ABUSE. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE HAS MANY NAMES; FAMILY VIOLENCE, BATTERING, WIFE BEATING, AND DOMESTIC ABUSE. ALL THESE TERMS REFER TO THE SAME THING, ABUSE BY A MARITAL, COMMON LAW, OR A DATING PARTNER IN AN INTIMATE RELATIONSHIP. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IS NOT LIMITED TO PHYSICAL BEATINGS. IT IS ANY BEHAVIOUR THAT IS INTENDED TO SUBJUGATE AND CONTROL ANOTHER HUMAN BEINGRead More Domestic Violence in Society Essay1058 Words   |  5 Pages The Womens Aid federation defines domestic violence as the physical, psychological, sexual or financial violence that takes place within a family type or an intimate relationship, and forms a pattern of coercive and controlling behaviour. It may involve partners, ex-partners or other relatives. Though the more common view of domestic violence is that it is the behaviour of some disturbed sick individuals. However sociologists have questioned this, saying thatRead MoreDomestic Violence research proposal1573 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract The purpose of this study is to see whether or not domestic violence causes a damaging affect on children. The study will included criminal justice students in College and the age range will be between 18 and 23 years old. The method is qualitative and will be an interview. Introduction Domestic violence can be defines as a pattern of behavior in any relationship that is used to gain or maintain power and control over an intimate partner. AbuseRead MoreEssay about Violence in the Media813 Words   |  4 Pagesbelieve that violence in the media is to blame for violence in people, but that argument is undermined by the realization that violence existed long before video games and television. In fact, violence has actually been steadily decreasing since these things have been growing in popularity. Critics of violent media seem to long for the â€Å"good old days†; a time before there was violence in the media. These critics fail to acknowledge that those â€Å"good old days† were actually far more violent than todayRead MoreThe Effects Of Rap Music On Social Behavior Essay1693 Words   |  7 PagesIn society today, it is highly noticed that the role of rap music messages and video images of violence causes an increase in negative emotions, thoug hts and behaviors which could lead to violence amongst youth. Rap music has been at the center of concern in regards to the potential harmful effect of violent media on social behavior amongst youth. This potential behavior could be seen in the music video titled â€Å"Kim† by Eminem. In this music video, the storyline, language and sound encourages hostileRead MoreViolence in Sports1840 Words   |  7 PagesLevel 3 PE Violence in Sport and its impact on NZ society Gaby Sansom In my report, I am going to be examining the role that violence plays in New Zealand sport and its impact on the New Zealand society. I will be addressing this topic from a rugby perspective therefore most of my examples will be rugby related. This is because rugby is one of the main sports in New Zealand to the extent that it has become an icon for us. No matter where youRead More Domestic Violence in Canada1662 Words   |  7 PagesViolence has become prevalent within society; it is something the western world has learned to accept. With every minute that passes Canadians come face to face with certain acts of violence they may not have previously encountered (citation). Although, violence is not a subject that one can escape, women and children have unfortunately become the prime victims of violent acts. The media glorifies violence in other countries around the world it fails to address the presence of violence within Canada

Jekyll and Hyde Contrast Free Essays

Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde consists of reputation, good vs. evil and damage control. We will write a custom essay sample on Jekyll and Hyde Contrast or any similar topic only for you Order Now In other words, Utterson tirelessly works to prevent his good friend Dr. Jekyll from being dragged into the horrid affairs of Mr. Hyde, and Dr. Jekyll goes to the greatest of lengths to prevent his Hyde identity from being discovered, in order to avoid anyone knowing of his somewhat questionable scientific work and morally despicable behavior. Much of the novel is based on the characters reputations and how they have to maintain a good public image, as they are upper class people. The novel takes place in Victorian England and the main characters are all male members of upper class London. Enfield, Utterson, Lanyon and Jekyll are all aware of social expectations and the importance of appearance, Jekyll and Hyde shows a contrast of public vs private. Even in the first chapter, Enfield is wary of sharing his story of the mysterious door because he loves gossip, as it destroys reputations. In kind, Utterson refrains from informing the police that Jekyll is a close friend of Hyde’s following the murder of Sir Danvers Carew. Rather, to maintain his friend’s reputation and protect his public image, Utterson goes to Jekyll directly to discuss the matter. This issue also arises in the matter of physical appearances, particularly architecture. In the first chapter, we learn that Hyde’s mysterious dwelling is run down, neglected, and shabby. In contrast, Jekyll’s home is extremely well kept, majestic, rich, and beautiful. Ironically, we eventually learn that the mysterious door is in fact connected to Jekyll’s home, it is a back entrance rarely used. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is an examination of the duality of human nature, this is shown through the fact that Mr. Hyde is in fact Dr. Jekyll; the difference is that Hyde is formed through all the evil characteristics of Jekyll. Utterson’s discovery of Jekyll’s astounding work occurs in the final chapter of the novel. We have already witnessed Hyde’s powerfully vicious violence and have seen the contrasting kind, gentle, and honorable Dr. Jekyll. In approaching the novel’s mystery, Utterson never imagines that Hyde and Jekyll are the same man, as he finds it impossible to believe their extremely different behavior. In pursuing his scientific experiments and validating his work, Jekyll claims, â€Å"man is not truly one, but truly two. † So, in Jekyll’s view, every soul contains elements of both good and evil, but one is always dominant. In Jekyll’s case, his good side is dominant, but he knows there is evil inside of him, but at the end of the book his evil side becomes stronger and unstoppable. However, as a respectable member of society and an honorable Victorian gentleman, Jekyll cannot fulfill his evil desires. Thus, he works to develop a way to separate the two parts of his soul and free his evil characteristics. Unfortunately, rather than separating these forces of good and evil, Jekyll’s potion only allows his purely evil side to gain strength. Jekyll is in fact a combination of good and evil, but Hyde is only pure evil, so there is never a way to strengthen or separate Jekyll’s pure goodness. Without counterbalancing his evil identity, Jekyll allows Hyde to grow increasingly strong, and eventually take over entirely, perhaps entirely destroying all the pure goodness Jekyll ever had. The book portrays Hyde in like an animal; short, hairy, and like a troll with gnarled hands and a horrific face. In contrast, Jekyll is described in the most gentlemanly terms; tall, refined, polite and honorable, with long elegant fingers and a handsome appearance. So, perhaps Jekyll’s experiment reduces his being to its most basic form, in which evil runs freely without his reputation as Jekyll being at risk. Jekyll and Hyde are not the only examples of duality in the novel. The city of London is also portrayed in contrasting terms, as both a foggy, dreary, nightmarish place, and a well kept, bustling center of commerce. Indeed, just as men have both positive and negative qualities, so does society. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde contains extremely violent scenes. In each instance, the culprit is Mr. Hyde, and the victim is an innocent. For example, in the first chapter we learn how Mr. Hyde literally trampled a young girl in the street and later on we learn that Hyde, unprovoked, mercilessly beat Sir Danvers Carew to death. Even worse, we find at the conclusion of the novel that Hyde thoroughly enjoyed committing this violence, and afterwards felt a rush of excitement and satisfaction. This shows the pure evil Hyde has that was mentioned before. Interestingly, Hyde’s final victims, when he commits suicide just before Utterson and Poole break into his cabinet, are both himself and Jekyll. In this final act, neither victim is innocent. Clearly, Hyde is guilty of a great many crimes, and Jekyll is guilty as he created Hyde, let him run free, and inhabits the same body as the man. Perhaps in this conclusion, Stevenson is suggesting that to those who promote and commit senseless violence, punishment will come. How to cite Jekyll and Hyde Contrast, Essay examples

Market Segmentation and Competitive Analysis

Question: Discuss about the Market Segmentation and Competitive Analysis. Answer: Introduction Marketing strategy is the priority of every company aiming to make it in the corporate world. The fundamental purpose of marketing strategy is to maintain and increase the companys sales while achieving an excellent competitive advantage. The procedures will include all the basics, long and short term activities in the area of marketing dealing with the analysis of first company situation (Zou and Cavusgil 2002). Marketing strategies sometimes differ depending on location and nature of business. However, there are many ways that the strategies can be categorized. People should not confuse marketing strategy with marketing mission or objective (Kumar 2007). The difference between multi-national companies and those that are struggling is having a good strategic plan and implementing as per the agreement. Aldi supermarket chain has for a long time survived because the company has been able to implement a good marketing plan to reach millions of customers worldwide (De Wulf, Odekerken-Sc hrder, Goedertier, and Van Ossel 2005). Otherwise with a weak marketing plan the company is doomed to fail. The marketing department is essential to the success of every organization because the main aim of setting up the business is to maximize the profit made (Zou and Cavusgil 2002). That the reason many organizations spend more time and resources to make sure the company goals and objective are achieved. Background to the Company Aldi is a German supermarket chain globalized around Germany, UK and eighteen other countries with its headquarters in Essen. The chain was founded by two brothers Karl and Albrecht who took over from their mother. The supermarket comprises of two groups: Aldi Sud and Aldi Nord. For a long time, the two teams have worked separately both financially and legally while still operating in specific markets (Kumar 2007) .The Company can deal with complicated dynamics and hard challenges in different markets resulting in various outcomes. The group performs all over the world in more than ten thousand retail stores (Whyatt and Koschek 2010). ALDI for the past years has undergone strong and consistence growth and at the moment it operates five hundred and fifty stores across the United Kingdom. ALDI has been known for owning one of the biggest supermarket chain stores selling food products. However, the supermarket has now expanded into other products like healthcare, clothing, electronics, household goods, and beauty products all going at second prizes (Cleeren, Verboven, Dekimpe, and Gielens 2010). Marketing Analysis Marketing in simple is described as giving the best product and services at the right time, place and with the best price. In the market world, customers will always go for the best product and the nearest convenient place (Walker, Mullins, Boyd, and Larreche 2005) Management experts will always emphasize on four Ps of marketing more often referred to as marketing mix. Below entails in-depth marketing strategies used by Aldi supermarket. The first one is Price, Place, and Product Strategies. The philosophy of Aldi business is to focus on those necessary investments mostly and at all cost avoid any superfluous so as to give customers maximum savings. Unlike other companies that extend their opening hours, the companys stores operate on limited hours mostly going to twelve hours a day (Jain and Haley 2009). At most times one can see almost three to seven workers to manage the entire functioning of the store that is a different strategy from other competitors which have a high number of employees at one place. The selling philosophy of Aldi supermarket is entirely different from other companies as the company has taken a more active approach to promoting and sells its products that are equivalents to other brands. The success of any business is to attract potential buyers and will largely depend on the competing market price (Cleeren, Verboven, Dekimpe, and Gielens 2010). Another strategy is Promotion Strategy. One of the best and unique strategies Aldi supermarket has adopted is the use of advertisement and brand comparison. The adverts show that all the Aldi brands are of good and equal quality (Smith 2006). In this era of improved technology mostly the social media, it has become easier to communicate with the target customers directly. Advertisement of similar brands gives the enterprise an excellent opportunity to provide more information on the product quality and greater the money value of the product. The company at one time ran a blind taste experiment on different brands in the shopping section (Rust, Lemon, and Zeithaml 2004). The end results showed that many of the consumers that liked the well-known brands also liked Aldi brands. The next most important marketing strategy used by Aldi supermarket is recommendations. Many competitors are working very hard to increase their market share while still exploiting the resources. The company recommends quality enhancement to give more and tougher competitions to other leading supermarkets (Rust, Lemon, and Zeithaml 2004). However, Aldi supermarket has an excellent strategy to provide value and services to customers. A good example is providing an opportunity for online shopping and free home delivery (Jain and Haley 2009). For Aldi business to survive well in the current competitive market, I would suggest the company adopts the Porters five forces model. The main reason for Aldi business is to offer best product and services to potential customers while still keeping the client's loyalty. The company needs to develop unique strategies to overcome trade barriers while still accomplishing the cross-border trade (De, Odekerken, Goedertier, and Van 2005). This model is a system that accesses the level of rivalry in the market while still providing procedure improvement in the business. Apart from the models Aldi uses some of the porters general strategy and makes sure the company in a less costly process on leadership strategy on market differentiation. This shows that Aldi business plan gives enough attention on managing the external environment that includes tax regulations and government policies for import and export compliance can be managed well (Rust, Lemon, and Zeithaml 2004). The company can also adopt the Pestle tool that analysis the external environment of the business. Pestle will also enable the company to know any issue developing while still working on cross borders (Segal and Giacobbe 1994). The company can try what is called joint venture as well as strategic alliance collaborations (Deleersnyder, et al. 2007). This will help the business to form a real alliance that will lower down the competition level. Aldi supermarket to make it needs to consider having an online collaboration with other business minded supermarkets dealing with the same products. Aldi supermarket also needs to look into the issue of a language barrier to penetrate the new market. In business, language barriers play a predominant role in determining whether the company will penetrate the new market or not (Semeijn, Van Riel, and Ambrosini 2004). The company should give full attention to developing a good approach where the customer representative are well trained in a manner that they can speak in language local to where they are doing the business. For a long-term growth of the company, Aldi should focus more on technology to help identify behavior traits so as to manage enterprise change. Conclusion Aldi supermarket straightforward and unique approach to marketing strategies has given them a more competitive advantage in the marketplace. The original balance of the company enables it to provide customers with high quality and own branded products and services at a very affordable price in the market (Juhl, et al. 2006). By adopting some lean approaches, the supermarket has continued to offer its customers high-quality products at the best price. Failure for any profit making company develop good marketing strategy will automatically lead to failure of the organization to achieve objectives and goals. The key to this is early planning and being in a position to read to read and interpret the market trends (Walker, et al. 2005). Having done that Aldi supermarket will be at a safe place regarding competition with other competing supermarkets. The primary desire of every business is to make a profit and when the benefits are not realized the company will not be able to sustain itsel f, therefore, shutting down. Reference List Cleeren, K., Verboven, F., Dekimpe, M.G. and Gielens, K., 2010. Intra-and interformat competition among discounters and supermarkets.Marketing science,29(3), pp.456-473. De Wulf, K., Odekerken-Schrder, G., Goedertier, F. and Van Ossel, G., 2005. Consumer perceptions of store brands versus national brands.Journal of Consumer Marketing,22(4), pp.223-232. Deleersnyder, B., Dekimpe, M.G., Steenkamp, J.B.E. and Koll, O., 2007. Winwin strategies at discount stores.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,14(5), pp.309-318. Jain, S.C. and Haley, G.T., 2009.Marketing planning and strategy. Cincinnati South-Western Publishing Company 1985. Juhl, H.J., Esbjerg, L., Grunert, K.G., Bech-Larsen, T. and Bruns, K., 2006. The fight between store brands and national brandsWhat's the score?Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,13(5), pp.331-338. Kumar, N., 2007.Private label strategy: how to meet the store brand challenge. Harvard Business Review Press. Rust, R.T., Lemon, K.N. and Zeithaml, V.A., 2004. Return on marketing: Using customer equity to focus marketing strategy.Journal of marketing,68(1), pp.109- 127. Segal, M.N. and Giacobbe, R.W., 1994. Market segmentation and competitive analysis for supermarket retailing.International Journal of Retail Distribution Management,22(1), pp.38-48. Semeijn, J., Van Riel, A.C. and Ambrosini, A.B., 2004. Consumer evaluations of store brands: effects of store image and product attributes.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,11(4), pp.247-258. Smith, R.L., 2006. The Australian grocery industry: a competition perspective.Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics,50(1), pp.33-50. Walker, O.C., Mullins, J.W., Boyd, H.W. and Larreche, J.L., 2005.Marketing strategy. McGraw-Hill Education. Whyatt, G. and Koschek, R., 2010. Implementing relationship marketing: supermarkets' perspectives.Marketing Intelligence Planning,28(5), pp.582-599. Zou, S. and Cavusgil, S.T., 2002. The GMS: A broad conceptualization of global marketing strategy and its effect on firm performance.Journal of marketing,66(4), pp.40-56.

A Boy Called It essays

A Boy Called It essays The story A Child Called It, by David Pelzer is one of the most astonishing chronicles about his survival through child abuse. The biography is viewed through the childs eyes for the purpose to help others heal from traumatic pasts. The story of David Pelzers childhood is imperative to be available to readers because of the life lessons the book bestow and the quality of Pelzers compelling writing. A Child Called It is basically about one childs courage to survive. During the 1970s, Pelzers child abuse was recorded to be the third most severe in the state of California. He endured both physical and mental cruelty to his emotionally unstable, alcoholic mother, Catherine Roerva. David Pelzer was brutally beaten, starved, and tortured so much that she no longer considered him a son or a boy, but just it. Many lessons can apply to the book and one can interpret the theme in dissimilar ways. I believe the storys primary lesson is that ones courage and willpower is liable to facilitate ones survival. Life will go on no matter how atrocious circumstances seem. I wanted to show the bitch that she could beat me only if I died, and I was determined not to give in, even to death. [Pg. 91] The passage shows David Pelzer willpower and determination; he believed he could win and attain his mothers torture and cruelty. Even though his ambition to survive consisted of loathing his mother, the lesson exemplifies how good determination can result in triumph. Overall, the biography of David Pelzers childhood was ghastly. Though each struggle he goes though, the reader can find himself enduring his pain, comforting his loneliness, and fighting for his will to survive. The detail Pelzer writes gives the readers an awakening to the truth about child abuse. When his mother forces David to eat ammonia, he vividly describes My thro...

Managing and Leading Strategic Change

Managing and Leading Strategic Change Introduction According to Weick and Quinn (1999), organizational change is a fundamental practice. Organizational change involves numerous practices that aim at introducing new approaches. Enhancement of organizational functions leads to the improvement of performance in organizations. It includes the restructuring of organizational functions so as to pave the way for the introduction of the desired changes in the organization.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing and Leading Strategic Change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In most cases, the change affects the culture of an organization as it may call for an overhaul of organizational norms and routines. In this paper, it is argued that organizations have varying practices. The introduction of these practices impede to the management of change. According to Cameron Green (2004), the success and sustainability of organizational performance can be achieved throu gh the strategic management of change in organizations. When managing change in companies, managers need to be aware of the potential impacts of introducing change programs in the organization (Burnes, 2004). The most critical factor that needs to be given attention in the management of organizational change is the culture of an organization. Strategic change often affects the culture of a company and should thus be planned and implemented by factoring in all the operational features of organization (Stace and Dunphy, 1991). This paper discusses the management of strategic change in business ventures. The study looks into organizational culture and how it is affected by strategic change. The paper discusses how the culture of an organization affects the introduction and implementation of change programs. In the paper, it is argued that organizational culture can affect organizational change in either a positive or negative way. Organizational Culture Theory and strategic change Orga nizational culture entails the values, beliefs and attitudes that are held by a firm. These elements define the practices implemented in an organization. Organizational members often consider organizational realities based on their practices. Patterns of behaviour in organizations are best explained through observing the culture of organizations. Culture is critical to the routine operation of a firm. Management of the organization is faceted by the culture of the particular company (Daft, Murphy Willmott, 2010). Therefore, any force that is likely to induce changes in the culture of an organization brings about disturbances to its management. However, modern organizations operate in an environment that is dynamic and continues changing all the time.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This means that they have to keep adjusting their managerial styles. This has a dir ect impact on culture. In most cases, organizational change programs are seen as sources of conflict in the managerial practices of organizations. Change brings about new practices. Organizational members often get it hard to adapt to the new practices because of the habit to use long-held approaches (Amagoh, 2008). According to Stace and Dunphy (1991), organizational culture shapes the internal environment of a company. Culture in the context of an organization is composed of many practices, which define the operational environment of an organization. It includes the long-held assumptions, practices and norms. It also includes the rules and modes of organizational operations developed over a long span of time. The long-held practices of an organization are often normalized and form part of the code of conduct for the organizational employees. Culture includes written and unwritten codes to which organizational employees are to be adhered. They are considered to be valid by organiza tional members and thus commonly accepted and widely practiced. The valid practices and long-held patterns of conducting organizational practices are combined to form the corporate culture. The corporate culture presents itself in a number of ways. The main way through which the corporate culture is manifested in the organization is the mode of business activities. The flow of business transactions differs from one organization to another. The nature in which firms are organized is part of the culture of the company. The other salient feature which depicts the culture of a certain business venture is the manner in which power is distributed in the entity (Fineman, 2008). Power structure which defines the distribution of power and authority in organization varies from one company to the other. This separates one firm from another, hence it is a component of organizational culture. The treatment of organizational workers, customers and the other publics is also a component of organiza tional culture. Therefore, it is worthwhile to deduce that organizational culture is derived from a wide range of organizational functions. The manner in which these functions are performed by companies is what is referred to as corporate culture. Corporate culture defines the characteristics of organizations and how they play out in the interaction between the organization and the environment in which the business operates (Fineman, 2008).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing and Leading Strategic Change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The relationship between organizational culture and strategic change management Organizational culture is the strongest force in organizations. Therefore, it is quite hard to eliminate the long-held practices in a company. However, organizational change has forces which demand a restructuring of organizational operations. With organizational change, the interruption of the cultu re of an organization is an unavoidable activity. Strategic change management is a desired activity in organizations given to the fact that organizations operate in an environment that keeps changing. Change, which occurs in the external environment, necessitates strategic change in organizations as well. The goals and objectives set by the firm are patterned by strategies. Strategies help in the organization to discharge of duties among its workers and managers. They propel organizations towards meeting the laid-down goals. The need for organizational change emanates from forces in the larger environment in which firms carry out their activities. In order to adjust to the forces and maintain their performance records, organizations are often forced to make adjustments to their activities. This helps them in absorbing the stocks from these forces and forging ahead with their operations without impediments. In some cases, change is not only necessitated by the forces of the external environment (Clegg, Kornberger and Pitsis, 2005). The need for improvement of internal efficiency also necessitates organizational change. Strategic change management is a process that entails a deep look into the operations of the environment and the need to improve the operations through the introduction of new ways of handling organizational tasks. Strategic change can take place in two ways. One of the models of strategic change in companies is the introduction of new programs to replace the prevailing programs. Such cases occur when there is a need for an overhaul of organizational functions so as to meet the demands of the external environment of a firm (Fineman, 2008). For a business company, this is a common practice due to the existence of competition from the external environment. Business firms face a lot of competition in the market, therefore, they keep monitoring trends in the industry and adjust to those trends accordingly. They also keep monitoring other business fir ms which are considered to be their rivals.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, change in strategy by their competitors forces them to make changes to an equal degree in order not to be competitively disadvantaged in the market. As they keep working, organizational managers seek to identify areas of weakness in organizations. Organizational weakness resonates from a number of features. These include policies, structure, operational environment and strategies (Bamford and Forrester, 2003). The identification of the areas of weakness is a crucial step for organizational managers as these areas are the sources of inefficiency in the operation of the companies. Therefore, change is needed in streamlining areas which have weaknesses. This means that the routine operations will be interfered with so that the operations can be streamlined. Organizational change is a continuous process. Change occurs in cycles. This means that change cannot be avoided. Change prevails at all times. Strategic change has an enormous impact on the organizational culture. With o rganizational change, the culture of an organization is often subjected to adjustments (Bamford and Forrester, 2003). According to Teece, Pisano and Shuen (1997), organizations keep seeking for better means of improving efficiency and effectiveness in performance. Unlike in the ancient times when organizations stuck to certain modes of operation, modern organization are dynamic. The ancient environment favoured the maintenance of organizational culture because the ancient operating market was less competitive as compared to the current one which is distinguished for high competition. Modern organizations highly embrace dynamism. This is caused by the fact that there is high competition and the need to attain a competitive position in order to benefit from the operational environment. Organizations keep searching for mechanisms of improving the processes of management. Strategic change management is thus a dynamic process which enables organizations to develop and implement strategic goals. Strategic goals are often detailed and seek to address issues within organizations. Organizations engage in a wide rage of activities. Most of these activities force organizations to make changes to their structures (Teece, Pisano and Shuen, 1997). Corporate change and strategic management – influence on organizational culture Organizations seek to raise the levels of performance by diversifying their programs and functions. Corporate strategies lead organizations to the attainment of practices and activities that help them in meeting their corporate goals. Corporate change starts by the evaluation of the competitive landscape within which an organization works. Organizations are required to analyse their capabilities. Capabilities of organizations are reflected in their assets and liabilities. Strategies of change are often developed based on operational capacity of firms. Strategic changes are implemented using organizational resources. This means that limitation of organizational resources will often pose difficulties in the implementation of corporate change. Corporate change entails cumulative changes that are made to the design of organizations (Lucke, 2003). Corporate change is driven by the need for an improvement of organizational practices so as to capitalize on opportunities that exist in the operational environment. On the other hand, corporate change may be directed at eliminating harmful effects that come from the environment. All in all, the motives for organizational change are to improve the performance of an organization. In situations where the forces in the environment are too strong, companies may be forced to use resources to put them in a position in which they cannot be swayed by the forces. In case of mounting pressures from external organizations, businesses are left with limited options. They work under limited timelines. If it takes them longer to adapt to changes, they are bound to fail. Thus, they make quick adjustm ents to corporate functions. This is a risky exercise and puts organizations in a tight angle. Corporate change has to be aligned with organizational strategies. However, this is a daunting task because change results in modification of organizational culture from which organizational strategies are derived (Alvesson, M Sveningsson, 2007). As earlier observed, the current management environment is competitive and highly dynamic. Therefore, firms engage in various activities to help them in keeping pace with their rivals. Organizations must learn to deal with different pressures that result from change as it is a process that cannot be avoided (Argyris, 2001). Organizational change is an activity that has a high degree of dynamism. An example of such activities that are commonly practiced by firms as a way of raising their competitive strengths are mergers and acquisitions (Kavanagh Ashkanasy, 2006). Mergers and acquisitions are among the practices in strategic change management. T hey are part of the operational strategies that are applied by many firms today (Buono Bowditch, 2003). They have an immense impact on the culture of organizations involved. Acquisitions and mergers have proved to be effective mechanisms of attaining growth, corporate diversity and rationalization of organizational operations. According to Van Knippenberg and van Leeuwen (2001), mergers and acquisitions entail a wide range of activities which have a direct effect on the culture of organizations. When organizations involve in merger and acquisitions, they are forced to adopt new models of working. Firms which have emerged often come up with a new charter that defines the functioning of the resultant organizations. Structures of operation used by each organization keep changing. This means that new cultures are developed by such strategic practices of managing firms. Therefore, organizational leaders that are involved in conducting merger and acquisitions are often faced with difficu lt tasks. They have to ensure that they align the structures of the organization with its function. Stable working organizations are developed when the culture of companies, taking part in merger exercise, is properly aligned (Kavanagh Ashkanasy, 2006). This helps in eliminating hitches that may hinder the work of such organizations. Introduction of new structures involves a change in the style of leadership in organizations. Change in organizational leadership necessitates modifications in the pattern of work. Experts in strategic leadership and management argue that change in cross organizational contact is realized when organizations communicate changes to all their members (King et al., 2004; Herscovitch and Meyer, 2002). The impact of radical change on the stability of organizational members Huy (2002) observed that there are different circumstances that necessitate the introduction of change programs in organizations. In a number of cases, organizational managers introduce ra pid change to contain certain situations. Rapid change is introduced to aid in arresting certain situation which seem trivial to organizational functioning. While rapid change programs are applauded for mitigating the barriers to organizational performance, they also have negative effects on the emotional stability of the companies. Rapid changes come with rapid adjustments to work patterns in the businesses. In most cases, employees are taken aback with these change programs. Stability of emotions among organizational employees is a crucial factor. Employees feel more content when they are performing the tasks that they are used in organizations. Rapid changes introduced may require employees to perform the tasks which they had gotten used to performing in the past. The nature and pace of adjustments are defined by the rapid change programs which are often undesired. The situation is further aggravated if there is a failure of organizational managers to perform a quick assessment o f the organization, prior to introducing such program (Fineman, 2003). In most cases, such programs end up failing to meet their intended objectives because they do not take into account the emotional state of organizational employees. The emotional state of employees is determined by the operational norms of an organization, thence organizational culture. Every activity, which has the potential to sway the mental state of employees, needs to be approached with caution. Therefore, the quality of strategic management is critical at this stage. The introduction of such change programs calls for closer supervision, guidance and continuous encouragement of workers as they perform the stipulated tasks. Emotional intelligence management is highly desired in the discharge of duties that come with rapid change programs in organizations (Plowman et al., 2007). Diversity of strategic options may occur in challenging and at the same time in normal times. In any case, the quality of leadership which is part of organizational culture becomes the key determinant of effective choices (Delbridge, Gratton and Johnson, 2006). The high level of professionalism of organizational leaders is desired since it helps them to make rational decisions for organizations. If mistakes are made at this stage, then there is a high likelihood of missing the mark in pursuance of change in organizations. In most cases, organizational members differ with the choice of strategies. Sound leaders are manifested at this crucial point (Latta, 2009). This helps organization in reaching consensus about the desired strategies. The choice of change strategies is affected by the culture of an organization. The choices that are made by the managers must be compatible with organizational operations (Pettigrew, 1990). Conclusion Change is a desired practice in the management of organizations. Organizational change entails the introduction of several adjustments to the operations of the companies. Change in or ganizations is a dynamic process. Strategic management of change is a combination of activities that help businesses in meeting the demand from the external environment. It has a direct effect on organizational culture. It is therefore imperative to say that culture can have both positive and negative impacts on organizational change. When the practices of an organization favour a given course of events, which denotes change, then it becomes easy to implement change programs. When a number of new organizational programs and process impact heavily on organizational norms, it becomes difficult for organizations to implement the programs and processes. In such cases, it forces organizations to devise and implement strategies which would ensure that organizational members and structures absorb change. Organizational culture entails the practices that are embraced by business ventures. From the discussion, it can be deduced that organizational culture is highly impacted upon by change pr ograms. Strategic change programs are desired as they help organizations adapt to the practices of strengthening the competitive forces of organizations. Leading strategic change entails the analysis of organizational practices and making recommendations that favour the performance of companies. More often, organizational change involves practices that force organizations to make substantial adjustments to their system of operation. Many companies are working on modalities of improving performance. Most organizational practices have a significant effect on the way firms work. It is, therefore, vital for organizational managers being vigilant as they introduce new programs. Change programs have many aspects of dynamism which affect organizational culture. Reference List Alvesson, M Sveningsson, S 2007, Changing Organizational Culture: Cultural Change Work in Progress, Taylor Francis, New York, amazon.com/Changing-Organizational-Culture-Cultural-Progress/dp/0415437628. Amagoh, F 200 8, ‘Perspectives on Organizational Change: Systems and Complexity Theories’, The Innovation Journal: The Public Sector Innovation Journal, vol. 13 no. 3, 1-14, innovation.cc/scholarly-style/amagoh3dec2008jag2rev1.pdf. Argyris, C 2001, On Organizational Learning, Blackwell, London. Bamford, D Forrester, P 2003, ‘Managing planned and emergent change within an operations management environment’, International Journal of Operations Production Management, vol. 23 no. 5, 546–556, emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=849475show=pdf. Buono, A F Bowditch, J L 2003, The human side of mergers and acquisitions: Managing collisions between people, cultures, and organizations, Beard Books, Washington, DC, http://books.google.com/books?id=MqRPbirnnBcCprintsec=frontcoverhl=ru#v=onepageqf=false. Burnes, 2004, Managing Change, Pearson Education, UK. Cameron, E Green, M 2004, Making Sense of Change Management, Kogan Page, London. Clegg, S, Kornberger, M, Pits is, T 2005, Managing and Organizations: An introduction to Theory and Practice, Sage, London. Daft, RL, Murphy, J Willmott, H 2010, Organization theory and design, South-Western Cengage Learning, Andover, amazon.com/Organization-Theory-Design-Richard-Daft/dp/0324598890. Delbridge, R, Gratton, L Johnson, G 2006, The Exceptional Manager, Oxford University Press, Oxford, amazon.co.uk/Exceptional-Manager-Making-Difference/dp/0199228736. Fineman, S 2003, Understanding Emotion at Work, Sage, London, amazon.com/Understanding-Emotion-Work-Stephen-Fineman/dp/0761947906. Fineman, S 2008, Emotional organization; Passions and the Power, Blackwell, London, amazon.com/Emotional-Organization-Passions-Power/dp/1405160306. Herscovitch, L Meyer, J P 2002, ‘Commitment to organizational change: Extension of a three-component model’, Journal of Applied Psychology, vol. 87 no. 2, 474–487, http://journals1.scholarsportal.info.ezproxy.lib.ryerson.ca/tmp/14169021142071216180.pdf. Huy, Q N 2002, ‘Emotional balancing of organizational continuity and radical change: The contribution of middle managers’, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol. 47 no 3, 31–69, jstor.org/stable/3094890. Kavanagh, M H Ashkanasy, N M, 2006, ‘The Impact of Leadership and Change Management Strategy on Organizational Culture and Individual Acceptance of Change during a Merger’, British Journal of Management, vol. 17 no. 2, 81–103, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2006.00480.x/abstract;jsessionid=6FF0A229F3A627D5E02A5DBF14D6E133.d01t03?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=userIsAuthenticated=false. King, D R, Dalton, D R, Daily, C M, Covin, J G 2004, ‘Meta-analyses of post acquisition performance: Indications of unidentified moderators’, Strategic Management Journal, vol. 25 no. 2, 187–200, http://journals1.scholarsportal.info.ezproxy.lib.ryerson.ca/tmp/8961001857065712972.pdf. Latta, G F 2009, ‘A Process Mode l of Organizational Change in Cultural Context (OC3 Model): The Impact of Organizational Culture on Leading Change’, Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies, vol. 16 no. 1, 19-37, http://skat.ihmc.us/rid=1GSQPFH9L-D6KVCN-Q90/A%20Process%20Model%20of%20Org%20Change%20in%20Cutural%20Context.pdf. Luecke, R 2003, Managing change and transition, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, amazon.com/Managing-Change-Transition-Richard-Luecke/dp/1578518741. Pettigrew, A 1990, ‘Studying strategic choice and strategic change: a comment on Mintzberg and Waters, ‘Does decision get in the way?’, Organization Studies, vol. 11 no. 1, 6-10, http://journals1.scholarsportal.info.ezproxy.lib.ryerson.ca/tmp/12659491582356535299.pdf. Plowman, D, Baker, L, Beck, T, Kulkarni, M, Solansky, S, Travis, D 2007, ‘Radical change accidentally: the emergence and amplification of small change’, Academy of Management Journal, vol. 50, no. 3, 515–543, http://bus.utk.e du/mgt/faculty/personal/plowman/documents/AMJradicalchange.pdf. Stace, D Dunphy, D 1991, ‘Beyond traditional paternalistic and developmental approaches to organizational change and human resource strategies, International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 22 no. 3, 263–284, tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585199100000068. Teece, D, Pisano, G Shuen, A 1997, ‘Dynamic capabilities and strategic management’, Strategic Management Journal, vol. 18 no. 2, 509–533, http://faculty.fuqua.duke.edu/~charlesw/s591/Bocconi-Duke/Papers/C10/TeecePisanoShuenSMJ.pdf. Van Knippenberg, D Van Leeuwen, E 2001, ‘Organizational identity after a merger: Sense on continuity as a key to postmerger identification’, In: M. A. Hogg and D. J. Terry (eds), Social identity processes in organizational contexts, Psychology Press, Philadelphia, http://gpi.sagepub.com/content/13/4/461.refs. Weick, K E Quinn, R 1999, ‘Organizational change and developmen t’, American Review of Psychology, vol. 50 no. 4, 361-86, http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.lib.ryerson.ca/docview/205830411.

Can we know when to trust our emotions in the pursuit of knowledge Essay - 3

Can we know when to trust our emotions in the pursuit of knowledge Consider history and one other area of knowledge - Essay Example This mainly occurs when we lay our fundamental beliefs on matters of the heart rather than using brains to make our conclusions. This type of emotion provides us with strength to engage in intellectual activities. Knowledge is learning or studying something new a person didn’t know before.knowldge and its power suppresses normal schooling as it comes through a very long process of experiences (Campbell, 2002, pp204). Though schooling is educational, it cannot give someone an opportunity to experience knowledge that is experienced when an individual takes on a journey to explore new things. Guided by emotions, an individual tend to dwell deep on a matter and learn more than he or she can have a chance to learn more than ever, thus opening more avenues there were never there before. With emotions facilitating the search of knowledge an individual will have a chance to learn a broader spectrum of things. Using emotions and the art is a trustworthy action. In history, every story is related to emotions. Being compilations of stories from different personas, no one can stand and clearly say what the truth in history is. No one can certify whether historical accounts are true or not. In respect to this fact, the pursuit of knowledge in history then is said to be completely emotional experience (Campbell, 2002, pp134). History, involves evidence used, where it was made, whom it was made by and for what reason. History as a way of knowing the past happenings does not only help us to understand more on what is being researched, but also creates insight into the time period. Sometimes when an individual acts emotionally, his or her rationality is very weak thus allowing an opportunity for history misconstruction. Emotions can immensely affect history. For example, during the trial of David Irving versus Dr. Deborah, and Penguin publishers. Irving was accused to be anti-Semite and a racist, but he strongly resented the accusations saying that the

Discuss and critically assess the assertion that the role of marketing Essay

Discuss and critically assess the assertion that the role of marketing - Essay Example The essay will go on to compare whether marketing has a more functional rather than strategic role in the era of modern marketing and how this is reflected in modern marketing strategies in the modern corporate world. The Marketing concept entails the philosophy that firms should be able to analyse consumer needs and then make any decisions to satisfy those needs (Nakata.C.2002). The concept is fairly new and only found its way into modern business philosophy after the Second World War. (Nakata.C.2002). However even in the 18th century economists like Adam Smith in his book the wealth of nations 1776 were of view that needs of the producers should only be viewed in sync with the needs of the consumers (Nakata.C.2002). There has been much academic consensus that the role of marketing is often viewed from too narrow a perspective. (Anttila 2002, Anderson 1982).This assertion then begs the question as to what is the comprehensive perspective of the marketing concept. Thus it would seem that the wider role of marketing synthesizes a variety of particular skills and practices learned as well as resources created "translating the philosophy into specific business strategies in order to achieve competitive advantages and superior performance".Antilla 2002). Strategic planning, is how an organisation defines its strategy, or direction, and making decisions on allocating its resources to pursue this strategy, including its capital and people. (Schultz 1994).The concept of marketing on the other hand has come a long way. As long back as 1910 there was "a period of conceptualization" for marketing and it was celebrated as "matter in motion". (Robert 1976) During the following decades the concept of marketing then integrated and developed and it was given agreed that the functional institutional commodity analysis of marketing was unsatisfactory and a definition of marketing evolved (Robert 1976). Marketing as a necessity for all stages of production Selling gets differentiated from marketing by the fact that selling is only done when a product is made available on the shelf within a retail outlet while marketing starts right at the beginning as early as the idea is conceived or being developed (Orpen, 1985).This contention above alone would demonstrate how marketing has penetrated the earlier stages of production and how it has become indispensable for making the strategies succeed. (Anderson 1982)All this however also entails that the narrow, specialist approach to marketing would weaken the strategic planning itself.(Anderson 1982,Shiner 1998) Marketing as an integral and strategic part of the general management orientation In the understanding of the role of marketing vis a vis strategic planning a much seasoned approach would be to assess the relationship between the two before passing a judgment on the role of modern marketing. As I have mentioned before strategic planning concerns the "direction of business"(Robert 1976) as regarding its production, output finance and operations. Where does marketing fit in then Marketing will fill in the gap and solidify the strategic

Promotional Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Promotional Analysis - Research Paper Example The area of the business is strategically located in order for its esteemed customers to access quickly. Because the store also has a high volume of individuals, it is situated in the center of the city and a very spacious locality. Due to greater demand for perfume across the world, the idea of note fragrance came into being. Moreover, the availability of materials as well as skilled labor required producing the product enhanced product generation, also there the high demand for quality and affordable fragrance perfumes boosted the business idea in its existence. Like any other business, the owners of note fragrance had an intention of making profit and employment generation to individuals around the world. In addition, strategic location of the company as well-advanced marketing strategies that are E-marketing among other online services boosted the Idea of generating the Note fragrance store. The business also requires little capital start as cheap and readily labor contributes in one way to another for the development of the fragrance shop. The idea of creating my perfumes emerges because passions and interest in perfumes. Apart from enjoying the beautiful scent of the perfume, I join the business for the sake of make profit and try to make ends meet. Due to readily available market for the product and sufficient infrastructure also boosts the need for one to invest heavily in the business. The product also does not only concentrate on particular individuals, but it cuts across to; young and old, men as well as women. Due to high demand and readily available market for the product, it will call for massive production that will increase the volumes of supplies hence meeting the customers demand at any given time across the world. Fragrance oil international limited is one of the major competitors, producing the same product as Note fragrance. In addition, luxury store also sells

Similarities and differences of youth justice systems

Similarities and differences of youth justice systems Introduction Different countries have their own different way of dealing with their young offenders. Youth offenses comprise a sensitive issue that ought to be handled with care. The youth justice system of any country is charged with the responsibility of dealing with young offenders. The paper is a review into the similarities and the differences of youth justice systems in England and Wales and Sweden in view of their youth justice systems. Barth (1992) emphasizes that there are many reasons as to why the youth engage in criminal activities among them poor parenting and lack of proper education. Different societies respond to crime differently and the response to a particular crime varies as societies evolve changing its values over time. For instance, during the olden days, the words rehabilitation and the rights of the child were rarely talked about but in the modern day our societies have changed and incorporated such concepts and this have affected the way we punish the youth. Societys definition of minor and major crimes has also changed over time (White, 2001). However, it is evident that as societies change over time and children who in the olden days were thought not in a position to commit crimes are now committing them. Justice systems have also evolved to cope with the changes in society. The youth justice system in light of the welfare of the child has come up with ways to deal with young offenders in a way that is different from the one that is used in dealing with adults and also a way that incorporates the welfare of the child. One factor is therefore clear that the youth justice system in England and Wales and Sweden have changed over time to keep abreast with the changes in crime activities involving the youths. In regard to England and Wales and in view of social disclosure, the proceedings and the verdict of a case where a person who is considered a youth has committed a crime, may be reported by the media but the persons identity is not to be openly disclosed to the public (Hill, Lockyer, Stone, 2007). According to Hill, Lockyer, Stone, (2007) in terms of social disclosure in England and Wales, the information is not reported to the public freely. Press members are restricted in terms of the information that they can report to the public. In addition, only selected members are allowed to the proceedings in which a minor is being judged. Only the members of the press, parents and guardian of the offender are allowed into the proceeding which shows that the justice system in England and Wales takes serous offence in disclosing criminal information regarding a minor. However, Sweden has a different approach to social disclosure involving young peoples offences. Young offenders in Sweden ar e not tried in a different court from their adult counterparts and therefore information relating to young people offenses is open to the general public. One of the ways that the youth justice system in England and Wales is similar to that of Sweden is through the use of restorative judgment. According to White (2001) England and Wales youth justice system aims at identifying youths who are at risk of engaging in offenses. The principal aim of the youth justice system in England and Wales is to prevent the youths in indulging in activities that can result in crime and hence the existence of youth offending teams in England and Wales. For instance, it is believed that if the youths have plenty of activities to indulge in they rarely engage in criminal activities. The interventions created allow youths to be occupied and hence lack the time to indulge in criminal activities. Similarly Swedens youth justice system is committed to preventing crimes occurring among the youths (Sundeen, 2002). This is done through the use of social welfare committees who take responsibility of the offenders and are in charge of reforming the youth. However, reformation of youth offenders in Sweden is compulsory. In economic sense, it is easier to have interventions and programs that prevent the youth from indulging in criminal activities than to wait until its too late and youths have to be sentenced to life imprisonment (Sundeen, 2002). Littlechild, (1997) suggests that decision making is crucial to all youths whether in Sweden or in England and Wales. Most of the times, it is argued that young people are not in a position to make decisions on their involvements in activities that are deemed as criminal activities by the law. In England and Wales, a young offender who is charged with a criminal offense is between the ages 10 years and 18 years while in Sweden, a young person who can be charged with a criminal offense is usually below the age of 15. At the age of 15 years and above, young offenders in Sweden are tried in the same courts as the adults. Drawing a sharp contrast in the two countries youth justice systems (Littlechild, 1997), the age at which a person is deemed an adult matters. Young offenders who are 18 years in England and Wales are tried in youth courts and therefore categorized as persons who are influenced by their age in decision making. Muncie, Hughes, McLaughing, (2002) points out that though the youth justice system in Sweden recognizes that young people are under a lot of pressure when making decisions, it does not offer any exceptions when trying young persons in courts between the ages of 15 years to 18 years. In England and Wales, a person who is 18 years and is being tried in a youth court has a better understanding of the youth justice system as compared to a person who is 18 years in Sweden and is being tried in a criminal court (Stephenson, Giller, Brown, 2007). Young offenders in England and Wales are at a better position of understanding the law in regard to criminal offenses as opposed young offenders in Sweden at the age of between 15 years and 18 years and who are tried in criminal courts. However, youth justice systems in both states also plays the role of ensuring that youths understand the repercussion of their negative actions and behavior in the society. Youth justice systems play a major role in legal referencing. It has helped in reprimanding the youths in both states though the approach to young persons offenders differs between the states. In Sweden, (Sundeen, 2002) the approach used in the youth justice system leans more towards the welfare of the young persons. The Swedish youth justice system focuses on the need of the young person and therefore instead of punishing the young offender, he or she is placed in the hands of the local authority which is in charge of the youth justice system. Even though young persons at the age of 15 to 17 years are tried in criminal courts, the courts place the responsibility of the young person in the compulsory social services in Sweden. In England and Wales, the youth justice system is oriented towards punishing the young offenders and making them pay for the mistakes they have done without the considering that the young person may have committed the crime due to various circumstances. It is a rgued that when a young offender is punished for his or her mistakes, he or she is likely to learn from the mistake because the punishment will serve him or her as a negative reinforcement associated with doing wrong. Over the years, youth justice systems have spurred debates as to their effectiveness in reducing criminal activities among the youth. Major policies in both countries (Stephenson, Giller, Brown, 2007) have become the subject of internal politics in the youth justice systems. For instance in England and Wales, there are some people who feel that when young offenders are taken to social welfare organizations, they interact with other young people who do not have a criminal background and might in turn learn the vices through socializing with the young offenders. Others feel that the youth justice systems are not instrumental in reducing criminal activities among the youth for instance in England and Wales while in Sweden, the youth justice system has done a commendable job. Therefore, in both countries, youth justice systems are subject to politics and scrutiny by even politicians. In conclusion, matters relating to crimes by young offenders are very sensitive. Each state handles its young offenders in different ways. It is apparent that criminal activities among the young people do occur and no gender is an exceptional. White (2001) argues that both girls and boys are capable of committing a crime. The state has the mandate of ensuring the safety of her citizens and therefore cannot let the young offenders go free committing crimes and without punishment. On the other hand, the young offenders to the state are the future leaders of tomorrow and therefore, the state needs to take care of them. According to Stephenson, Giller, Brown, (2007) interventions should focus on the needs of the youth and consequently help the young offenders reform and avoid indulging in criminal activities. A good example is the way Sweden handles its young offenders through a compulsory welfare program. According to Barry (1994) in Sweden, the needs of the child are carefully assesse d and the youth justice system is more interested in helping the child develop and learn from his or her mistakes than in punishing the young offender.

An Analysis of Edgar Allan Poes Annabel Lee Essay -- Annabel Lee Essa

An Analysis  of  Edgar Allan Poe's Annabel Lee In life, as in death, Edgar Allan Poe evoked a feeling of sympathy from his readership.   Those who knew him well considered him deep, mysterious and contemplative; thus, coupled with the copious tragedies he suffered throughout his life, especially the loss of his first wife Virginia, it is easy to understand how the author brings out the theme of Annabel Lee through personal/setting imagery, repetition of words and rhythm/rhyme.   Annabel Lee honors the memory of Poe's deceased wife, Virginia.   Throughout the poem, his use of personal imagery helps the reader to grasp the intense feelings of loss he continues to experience long after her passing.   The setting imagery is critical to this particular literary piece, in that it is through setting that one gains a significantly better realization of his anguish.   A passage from what came to be the last poem written by Poe before his death illustrates his torment: "The angels, not half so happy in heaven, went envying her and me- Yes! - That was the reason (as all men know, In this kingdom by the sea) That the wind came out of the cloud by night, Chilling and killing my Annabel Lee. "But our love it was stronger by far than the love Of those who were older than we- Of many far wiser than we- And neither the angels in heaven above, Nor the demons down under the sea, Can ever dissever my soul from the soul Of the beautiful Annabel Lee." No matter his efforts, Poe just could not seem to shake the loss of Virginia.   He especially had difficulty forgetting her final days, watching her cough up blood and slowly dies of tuberculosis.   He could not even afford a blanket or handful of coal with wh... ...nd but elusive subtleties.   To be sure, Poe was a writer who incorporated a significant amount of blatancy while also implying considerable obscurity. This dichotomy has served to be the cornerstone of the author's works, which have successfully stood the test of time.   "And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the side Of my darling- my darling- my life and my bride, In the sepulchre there by the sea, In her tomb by the sounding sea."   Without question, Annabel Lee provides a unique insight into the relationships among theme, rhythm and imagery.   Also evident within the very essence of the story is the manner in which it illustrates the compassion inherent within such a master composer as the troubled Edgar Allan Poe. Works Cited: Poe, Edgar Allan. ?Annabel Lee.? The Book of Living Verse. Ed. Louis Untermeyer. New York: Harcourt, 1939.

1. Discuss Dr. Faustus as a tragedy Essay

Ans—Understanding of Christopher Marlowe’s Elizabethan tragedy, Dr. Faustus, can be framed in terms of the Renaissance philosophy and the Elizabethan tragedy, which takes a different turn on some points from the Aristotelian tragedy, for instance such as the Elizabethan tragedy’s requisite death of the tragic hero. Dr. Faustus demonstrates the Renaissance philosophy that pits the dichotomy of good, angelic humanity against evil, depraved humanity. Marlowe’s play also is a model of the Elizabethan tragedy. Marlowe constructed the character of Dr. Faustus to represent within himself both characteristics of the Renaissance view of humanity as divinely good and hellishly evil. First, Dr. Faustus is presented as a scholar of all things including divinity, the highest Renaissance scholarly discipline. Then, Faustus is shown as dissatisfied with the limitations of humanity and grasping for unlimited knowledge, which is a Biblical allusion to Adam and Eve who ate of the Tree of Knowledge. Throughout the play, Faustus descends to lower and lower planes of knowledge in his pursuit for the â€Å"power† and â€Å"omnipotence† that comes from knowledge. At the beginning, Mephistopheles answers all Faustus’ questions but draws the line on talk of the universe, which can be seen to stand for astronomical and cosmological studies–the very studies that science is deeply involved in today: CERN; Hubble; SoHo; etc). Faustus must be content with merely mapping the universe instead of understanding it. Marlowe ultimately shows in Dr. Faustus the futility of the quest for ultimate knowledge and the inevitable end result of abandoning moral integrity for omnipotent knowledge. Dr. Faustus also represents a Classic Elizabethan tragedy. First, the tragic hero has a flaw or makes an error in judgment that leads to his own doom. It’s hard to say whether Faustus had a fatal flaw in his character or whether he was doomed by a faulty understanding that lead to a fatally disastrous error in judgment. All along the way, Faustus has doubts and hesitations which speak for an integrity of his moral character. If he has a fatal flaw, it might be that he did not reckon the power of evil highly enough, that he thought that with omnipotent knowledge, he could free himself from the chains of evil he wrapped so blithely around himself. Adam and Eve also fell to the punishment from the lure of knowledge. Of course, quite often Faustus’ fatal flaw is said to be greed and irreverent disregard for goodness. One clue to forming a literary stance on the question lies in examining his hesitations and second thoughts. In addition to this, the questions addressed in Marlowe’s play are nobel universal questions pertaining to the highest order of considerations: the meaning of life and death, the quest for knowledge, the respective power of of good and evil. In further accord with elizabethan tragedy, the play Dr. Faustus employs comedic relief through the presence of clowns that also acts as a means of giving information about the characters and the action of the play. The clowns in Dr. Faustus are Rafe and Robin. In Elizabethan tragedy, the clowns (rural, country simpletons who misuse language accidentally) and fools (urban dwellers who play with language and â€Å"misuse† it intentionally for wit) generally replace the Greek Chorus that carried the task of moving the st ory along with information not performed on stage, but in Dr. Faustus, Marlowe employs both the Greek-style Chorus and Elizabethan clowns. Finally, in keeping with Elizabethan tragic form, Faustus gets himself in so deep, his tragic flaw or error in judgement is so aggregious that it leads ultimately and necessarily to his death, thus fulfilling the fate of an Elizabethan tragic hero. Since Faustus has overestimated what he can attain from an arrangement with Lucifer and since he underestimated the power of Lucifer’s evil, his ultimate end must be and is death even though he recognizes his mistakes and pleads for pardon.

Poli sci essays

Poli sci essays The presidential elections this year play a very important role in our lives. Every four years different campaigns encourage people to let their voice be heard by voting. Fortunately, we as citizens of this prosperous first world nation, have rights that arent implicated in many other nations as they are in our own. One of the fundamental rights we have is the right to vote, being a democratic capitalist society, and we have to take advantage of this opportunity and act upon it to actually make a difference. Still the main question that draws curiosity in my mind is weather the elections by themselves assure that the voice of the masses is actually heard and to how much of an extent do our elected political leaders listen to the public. It can be argued that the best way to solve a problem of this sort is to establish an initiative procedure for the entire nation similar to the one used in the state of California. To introduce the initiative procedure to the federal government, many steps and changes would need to be made, since the federal government has many more priorities and obligations than a local or state government does. The goal of this particular reform, if it was to be enforced upon the political structure of our nation, would be to limit the power of our respected leaders in Washington and their friends by reducing their influence while at the same time increasing that of the general populace. It would be required that the registered voters of our country have a stronger influence, and the level of democracy move up a notch to an extent that if enough of the population were to strongly voice certain views and beliefs that would benefit our country agreed by the judicial system, along with carrying out the proper procedures of the subject at hand, then reforms would take place and views of the masses would be imposed as a law of the nation. I believe that if this initiative reform would ever to take place, then and...

Avogadros Number - Example Chemistry Problem

Avogadros Number Chemistry Problem Avogadros number is used in chemistry when you need to work with very large numbers. Its the basis for the mole unit of measurement, which provides an easy way to convert between moles, mass, and the number of molecules. For example, you can use the number to find the number of water molecules in a single snowflake. (Hint: Its an enormous number!) Avogadros Number Example Problem - Number of Molecules in a Given Mass Question: How many H2O molecules are there in a snowflake weighing 1 mg? Solution: Step 1 - Determine the mass of 1 mole of H2O Snowflakes are made of water, or H2O. To obtain the mass of 1 mole of water, look up the atomic masses for hydrogen and oxygen from the Periodic Table. There are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen for every H2O molecule, so the mass of H2O is: mass of H2O 2 (mass of H) mass of Omass of H2O 2 ( 1.01 g ) 16.00 gmass of H2O 2.02 g 16.00 gmass of H2O 18.02 g Step 2 - Determine the number of H2O molecules in one gram of water One mole of H2O is 6.022 x 1023 molecules of H2O (Avogadros number). This relation is then used to convert a number of H2O molecules to grams by the ratio: mass of X molecules of H2O / X molecules mass of a mole of H20 molecules / 6.022 x 1023 molecules Solve for X molecules of H2O X molecules of H2O ( 6.022 x 1023 H2O molecules ) / ( mass of a mole H2O  · mass of X molecules of H2O Enter the values for the question:X molecules of H2O ( 6.022 x 1023 H2O molecules ) / ( 18.02g  · 1 g )X molecules of H2O 3.35 x 1022 molecules/gram There are 3.35 x 1022 H2O molecules in 1 g of H2O. Our snowflake weighs 1 mg and 1 g 1000 mg. X molecules of H2O 3.35 x 1022 molecules/gram  · (1 g /1000 mg )X molecules of H2O 3.35 x 1019 molecules/mg Answer There are 3.35 x 1019 H2O molecules in a 1 mg snowflake. Avogadros Number Problem Key Takeaways Avogadros number is 6.02 x 1023. It is the number of particles in a mole.You can use Avogadros number to convert between mass and the number of molecules of any pure substance.If you are given the mass of a sample (such as a snowflake), convert the mass to moles, and then use Avogadros number to convert from moles to molecules.

Financial Management Problems and case #6 Essay

Financial Management Problems and case #6 - Essay Example Reporting a large loss and/or increasing dividend payout would have a negative effect on cash and profitability. Problem 9: MVA - Henderson Industries, with a stock price of $60, $500MM of issued common stock, and an MVA of $130MM has shares outstanding in the amount of 10,500,000; the result of the sum of the book value ($500MM) and the market value added ($130MM) divided by the share price. Problem 10: Cash Flow - Based on the information provided regarding Bailey Corporation's Income Statement: (a) The net operating profit after taxes is $3B [NOPAT=EBIT(1-Tax rate)=$4B(1-$1B)]. (b) The net cash flow is $4.5B [NCF=NI+D&A=$1.5B+$3B]. (c) The operating cash flow is $6B [OCF=EBIT(1-Tax rate)+D&A=$3B+$3B]. (d) The free cash flow is $2.7B [FCF=OCF-IOC=$6B-$3.3B]. Problem 11: Income Statement - Based on the information provided regarding Hermann Industries' Income Statement forecasts, the forecasted net income would be achieved by a sales figure of $ 12,681,481.47: Sales $12,681,481.47 Operating Costs (55% of Sales) ($ 6,974,814.81) EBITDA $ 5,706,666.66 Depreciation & Amortization ($ 880,000.00) EBIT $ 4,826,666.66 Interest ($ 660,000.00) EBT $ 4,166,666.66 Taxes (40%) ($ 1,666,666.66) Net Income $ 2,500,000.00 EMBA 503, Financial Management Case Six YOUR FULL NAME YOUR INSTITUION OR SCHOOL PROFESSOR DATE Lottery Winnings: Case Study Six 1. If you were one of the winners, which option would you select Why I would choose the cash option. I would do this primarily because I could invest the money safely and obtain a return that, although less than the annuity payment, would still give me more money than I need each year and would never... Problem 9: MVA - Henderson Industries, with a stock price of $60, $500MM of issued common stock, and an MVA of $130MM has shares outstanding in the amount of 10,500,000; the result of the sum of the book value ($500MM) and the market value added ($130MM) divided by the share price. Problem 11: Income Statement - Based on the information provided regarding Hermann Industries' Income Statement forecasts, the forecasted net income would be achieved by a sales figure of $ 12,681,481.47: 1. If you were one of the winners, which option would you select Why I would choose the cash option. I would do this primarily because I could invest the money safely and obtain a return that, although less than the annuity payment, would still give me more money than I need each year and would never diminish the principal. Also, if I did not spend all of the money gained from the investment, the compound interest would increase my portfolio significantly. Finally, my tax burden would be less over the long term because capital gains from the investments are taxed at a lower rate in the U.S. than regular income. 3. Is the State of Michigan justified in advertising the prize amount as $363 million Explain.

Humanities Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Humanities - Assignment Example The gods represented in the poem make their actions based on unknown hasty and premature decisions. As a result, the cause of the flood remains unclear: â€Å"Then came the flood, sent by gods intent.† (15). On the contrary, the Bible gives a definite answer: the cause of the flood was the immoral behavior of the people (Gen. 6.5). In other words, in the epic of Gilgamesh, the deadly flood was the result of a whim of the gods, while in the Bible - a punishment for sin. God of the Bible could not accept the immoral behavior of people since it offended His divine plan, and He deliberately decided to destroy mankind. In the poem, there is no explanation as to why Utnapishtim had an opportunity for salvation, while the Bible explains why God chose Noah to be saved: â€Å"Noah was a just man and perfect in his generations, and Noah walked with God† (Gen. 6.9). For this reason, God of the Bible did not regret His decision, while the gods of the poem began to regret their acti ons, blaming Enlil that he did not punish the sole culprit of his anger. The Inferno by Dante is a world masterpiece of medieval literature. This literary work is linked with both ancient heritage and the ideas of Christian Catholicism to convey the most important religious issues that existed in Western Europe in the Middle Ages. This work is characterized by a special vividness of images that have been used by Dante to realize his goals. In The Inferno, the poet portrayed his journey to the afterlife. In general, The Inferno is based on Christian mythology as well as on the doctrine of heaven and hell (Raffa 2). The hero visits various fantastic places: Hell, which has nine circles, Purgatory, and Heaven. Dante sees the amazing wonders, meets with the angels, the righteous, the souls of sinners, God, Lucifer and his minions, as well as the heroes of ancient myths. The moral sense of Dante’s travel

Commercial Law I (Scottish Law)- Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Commercial Law I (Scottish Law)- - Assignment Example The principal can expressly or implicitly permits the agent to perform certain tasks on his behalf which will lead to a binding contractual accord between the principal and the third party but the contract is signed by the agent. In this case, the principal will be legally bound by the actions the agency relationship which exists between agents-principals, agents-third and Principals-third parties and all the parties in the cycle are bound to the agreement, the agency cycle comprises of: Agent: this is the person who enters and performs duties and activities on behalf of the other person (the principal) with the third party and has authority to create a binding relationship or agreement between the principal and the third party. The agent negotiates, performs and enters into binding engagements on behalf of another person with the third party. Principal: This is the person who hires an agent to act on his/her capacity with the third party and is bound by the actions of the said agent in engagements with the third party. ... An agent must therefore operate within the instructions and capacity given by the principal and this will bind the principal in the contractual agreements he or she creates with the third parties which means that the law of agency is based on both implied and express terms. An agent has several duties he/she owes to the principal and must not act outside the scope or mandate provided by the principal. These duties can be summarized as below; The agent must ensure that he/she operates within the specified terms of agency agreement. If the agent ignores the directives of the principal in entering into an agreement with the third party then he/she will be held liable. The agent must therefore follow instructions given by the principal. The agent must carry out his/her duties with due diligence, skill and high level of professionalism to protect both parties from unnecessary breach of contract and subsequent compensation for the same, and this must be followed whether the agency agreemen t is written or oral. The agent must not act out of his own benefit at the expense of the principal and all dealings must protect the interest of the principal. The agency relationships to occur, all the parties must understand the terms of engagement and the roles each of the is required to play within the framework of the agreement and the agent must have intension to work for the principal, though no consideration is necessary, there must be an agreement between the principal and the agent, oral or written. This relationship can be described as below: Therefore, before the contract of agency is constituted, several essentials are mandatory: The agency agreement must be based

American Women Essay Example for Free

American Women Essay The American society was such a fragmented society in its early days of independence that various sectors of the society have had to free themselves through the hard way. The racial segregation between the blacks of the south and the whites of the north took a long time to resolve, and the solution came only by the war between the two regions when the one mighty Abraham Lincoln intervened. After racism, gender equality took the center stage. The American men could not envisage a situation where their women counterparts could vote alongside them, but with the upcoming of powerful women like Elizabeth Cady Sturton and Susan B Anthony with no exception to Alice Paul in the late 19th Century saw the fight get a notch higher. Actually the centre problem was the Amendment of section nineteen which will have allowed the women of the bigger empire. In this paper we are going to peruse through the whole process of the fight until the actual inception. The history of the women’s suffrage movement can be traced back in 1848. In this year a small women’s Right convention met at Seneca Falls in New York. These ladies were here to initiate their public outcry for equal rights with men . They wanted to be given equal opportunities as men to attend college, to make doctors and lawyers as their men counterpart. Pegged to this they demanded the right to vote, which according to them will open doors for all of the above. Alice Paul, the biggest name in the fight for women’s suffrage, entered battle seven decades after the inception of the fight. She herself had a test of the battle back in England where she had gone to attend her studies but unfortunately her later years ended in jail. She immediately flew back to the states only to find that the fight was underway. The entrance of Alice Paul in the bigger fight saw the battle reenergized and take an even rigorous pace. It is important to note that the first time the women’s suffrage amendment was presented to congress was in 1878 but unfortunately the congress did not give it any vote. In the next four decades the unrelenting women kept presenting it to the congress, all this time the bill yielding no luck. By this time the older generation of women suffragist had gone but the support among the American population had not gone. When Alice Paul and his party (National Women’s Party) gained strength, some states of the United States had already mandated voting for their women. Infact, in 1916 Montana became the first state to elect a woman, Jeannette Rankin ,to the congress. However, the congress was not in any way prepared to pass the suffrage amendment bill. With the congress having a negative attitude towards the bill (perceived as a gender biases) Alice Paul and some other leaders like Harriet Sturton thought to get the attention of the president and the congress. Their first strategy was to organize parades in the major cities, and New York and Washington were the most targeted. Suffragists in thousands and wearing white robes marched along the streets of New York. Some groups of the suffragist rode on horse back carrying banners flying high, but this could not change the mind of the president (then President Wilson). Therefore, another move was looming-picketing was to begin at White House. No sooner had picketing begin than was Alice Paul thrown in jail. She spent almost six weeks in and when she was released any move to stop picketers bore nothing. The exaggerated stories on the newspaper only helped to anger suffragists even more and helped more women join the movement. The mistreatments of the arrested suffragists, including forced feeding for those in prison hospital deterred not the free suffragists. These women were so courageous and that’s why in one of the president’s speeches to the public Paul courageously stood up and asked â€Å"How about votes for women? †(Doris, 1918) She could only be manhandled and led away for custody mistreatment. Still during the mistreatments one of them cried out and said â€Å"It was Alice Paul, the strongest weapon left with which to continue our battle†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Doris, 1918). Therefore, it was evident that these women were not going to let up soon, not until their demand was attended to. On January 9th 1918 President Wilson officially declared his long awaited support for the women’s suffrage movement. The events that followed saw a speedy move to pass the suffrage amendment bill, first beginning with the Susan B Anthony Amendment, which was to give suffrage to all American women citizens. Hardly a year later on August 26th, 1920 the amendment was verified in Tennessee, becoming the 36th state to do so. With this the Nineteenth amendment was officially introduced into the American constitution. For Alice Paul and her colleuges the first part of the battle had been won, next was the Equal rights Amendment which was to protect and guarantee women protection against discrimination. Eight decades down the line the battle still continues but the war can be said to be more than won. The approach and the strategies employed by Alice Paul and her friends can be said to intellectual. Their demonstrations never involved violence infact when she was asked if at all she threw stones herself she strongly resisted,-â€Å"No, indeed. I never did and I never shall. I think such deeds belong to rioters and women are seldom rioters† (Doris, 1918). I personally like this attitude in Alice Paul. The contemporary U. S politics is characterized by powerful women politicians like Madeline Albright, Condoleezza Rice, Jendayi Frazier and many others. I am of the opinion that these politicians should be made to understand that any political ovation they do enjoy today was fought for by the more powerful women like Alice Paul and Anthony B, who came before them. They should also realize that U. S politics make a big difference in the whole world: there is no nation in the world where women have been given a high profile than in the U. S, save for the fact that the empire hasn’t produced any woman president. All these, courtesy of suffragist women movement. We now turn our attention to the movie, evidently acted by young Americans who were actually touched and directly affected by the acts of the suffragist movement. Iron Jawed angels was acted in 2004 and it narrates the suffrage movement of the early 20th century. Having received its filming in Virginia under the production of HBO films in 2004, it is said to have received a standing ovation at the Sundance. The play focuses on the two defiant and powerful women in the history of the United States, first Alice Paul, whom Hillary Swank acts, and Lucy Burns acted by Frances O’Connor. In essence the movie attempts to explain to bring out how these activists formed a more radical wing from the conservative and older main stream wing. In the real sense the movie is a clear show that actually women are not objects but complete characters just like their counterpart men. The play also acknowledges the fact that although these women had different backgrounds but they are united in their common goal of women’s suffrage movement. The play continues to Harvey the fact that in this country dominated by male chauvinism, it was no easy go as the women of this radical wing clash with their conservative counterparts and also a divided public opinion. It is also extra hard given the male dominated leadership of the country led by president Woodrow Wilson (acted as Bob Gunton) himself. The actors also bring out the idea that along the way in the course of the fight sacrifices are looming with many of the activists being thrown in jail and going a step further ton strike on food. These lead to forced feeding by the hospital nurses. This forced feeding wins them a name, Iron Jawed Angels: the title of the play. These ladies have a strong will which actually sees them realize their dream one fine day in 1920. By the time the movie was being cast in 2004 it was clocking 84 good years since the end of the suffrage movement. Many in this generation had not experienced the reality of the bitterness of living without accessing the necessary human rights enjoyed by any member of the society. To an eighteen year old American girl in college it is just a common right for her to access to . I tend to feel the real bitterness this young woman engages when the plain truth dawns on her that actually it isn’t any other opportunity for her to attend her college tutorial classes alongside male counterpart, who also ought to realize the opportunity was mistakenly meant for them alone about close to ninety years ago. Needless to add, the movie is real timely to these somehow ignorant population of the whole truth behind the struggle for equal rights among the men and women of the great empire. Asking me to scoop out my view of the accuracy and effectiveness of the movie to the contemporary American society, I Imagine the American college lady who has just been watching this actors in the theatre. The pain of the hard swallowed saliva drips along her saliva as it comes to her realization that she is their as a result of a sacrifice made by somebody else.The play is this effective and accurate! References: Stevens, Doris. Jailed for freedom: American Women win the vote. 1920. Ed. Carol O’Hare Troutdale: Newsage Press, 1995. Graham, Sally Hunter. Woodrow Wilson, Alice Paul, and the Woman Suffrage Movement: Political Science Quarterly 98 (1983-84):665-79. http://www. gutenberg. org/etext/3604 http://iron-jawed-angels. com/ http://movies. go. com/iron-jawed-angels/d776839/drama